Debate is a form of discussion where opposing arguments are presented. The debater takes a position either in support or against the topic at hand and uses arguments to persuade others that they are right. It is a highly structured activity requiring logical argumentation, research, preparation and writing. It is often an essential component of democratic societies as it allows for a consideration of various viewpoints in a largely safe and constructive environment.
A good debater can make a compelling case for their position with persuasive reasoning and strong evidence. They can effectively counter and rebut the opponent’s points and provide a clear, well-organized sequence. They can also engage and maintain the audience’s interest throughout the debate by delivering their arguments confidently and clearly.
There are a number of different types of debating, including extemporaneous debate, Lincoln-Douglas, and European square debate. In extemporaneous debate, a debater is given an approved topic on which they must present pro and con arguments in less than thirty minutes. In Lincoln-Douglas debate, participants are notified ahead of time that they will be arguing for or against the proposition.
In a European square debate, four debaters from France, the UK, Germany and Russia represent their respective countries in a policy-based debate. Each speaker is allowed five minutes to speak. The first and last minute of their speech are protected, meaning that other debaters may not ask Points of Information (POIs) during those two minutes.